Kidney stones (urolithiasis) are hard mineral and salt formations that develop in the kidneys or urinary tract. The condition is often caused by dehydration, poor diet, or genetic predisposition.
Symptoms:
- Sharp pain in the back or side
- Blood in the urine (hematuria)
- Frequent or painful urination
- Nausea, general weakness
Causes:
- Inadequate water intake
- High salt and protein diet
- Genetic factors
- Chronic urinary tract infections
Diagnosis:
- Ultrasound
- Digital X-ray
- CT scan
Treatment:
- Pain relief medications
- Increased fluid intake
- Lithotripsy (laser fragmentation)
- Surgery (for larger stones)
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